الفهرس 
Anatomy of proximal femurOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 135 |  |  |
| | | from | 135 | | |
Abstract
Coxa vara refers to a decrease in the angle of inclination of the proximal femur as defined by the angle subtended between the femoral neck and shaft in the coronal plane. This angle normally varies with age. In newborn infants, it may be 160°, 135-145° in children and 120-140° in adults. Coxa vara, however, refers not be a specific clinical disease entity but rather to a group of conditions occurring during childhood. Coxa vara is classified according to the proposed etiology into congenital or developmental and acquired. The acquired variety includes all clinical entities in which the deformity of the proximal femur is secondary to an underlying metabolic, tumorous, or traumatic cause. Most common causes of acquired coxa vara are slipped upper femoral epiphysis, Perthes’ disease, rickets, fibrous dysplasia and early traumatic closure of the proximal femoral epiphyseal plate. In congenital coxa vara, the inferomedial part of the neck of the femur remains as an unosified cartilage, and the neck gradually bends with growth causing severe coxa vara deformity. The epiphysis of the head of the femur is normal. The epiphyseal cartilage plate is broader and set more vertically than normal and often bifurcates at its lower end