الفهرس 
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Abstract
Neonatal septicemia is life threatening condition and it is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in newborns. The aim of this study was to estimate the level of IL-lf~ and TNFa in septic newborns ”fullterm and pretenn ”to clarify their role in pathogenesis of infection and identify their value in diagnosis, prognosis and possible role in treatment regimen. This study included 49 septicemic neonates ,28 fullterm and 21 preterm selected from cases admitted to NICU in both Mansoura University Hospital & Banha Teaching Hospital, showing symptoms and signs of infection either of early or late onset & nosocomial or community aquired . The diagnosis was verified by CRP, CBC , blood culture as well as x¬ray when indicated. TNFa & IL-Ir.~ was determined using ELIZA kits in the 1 st day of admission before starting treatment and on the 5th day after treatment. The control group were 10 healthy neonates not showing signs & symptoms of sepsis and age, sex and weight matched. There was no significant differences between septicemic and control babies regarding WBCS while there was significant increase in immature (band ) count and band / total neutrophil ratio in septicemic cases compared to control hTfOUP . Also, platelet count in septicemic cases was significantly lower than that of the control group. CRP was positive in 39 of 49 of septicemic cases ( 79.5 % ) .Blood culture were done for all cases with clinically suspected sepsis. Gram -ve organisms were the commonest organisms isolated, constituted 51.2 (Yo of confirmed cases while, gram +ve orgamisms constituted 31.7 % , mixed organisms , 9.7 % and candida was isolated from 7.3 % . Gram-ve organisms constituted 56.9 % of detected organisms, Gram +ve orgamisms , 38.4 % while candida, 4.6 % . The commonest organism found was Enterobacter cloaca (24.6% ) , followed by coagulase negative staphylococci ( Staph securi ) in 23 % , coagulase positive staphylococci (Staph aureus) in 15.4 % , Serretia marcesens in 15.4 % , E.coli in 10.8 % , Klebsiella in 4.6 , Candida in 4.6%. and pseudomonas in 1.5%.