الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION and Aim of the work.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 148 |  |  |
| | | from | 148 | | |
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors allover the world. It has dismal prognosis of few months. It could be the cumulative result of several etiological factors; such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and chemical carcinogenesis. Alpha-fetoprotein is the commonest tumor marker for HCC. However; it may give false results. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFa) is a member of cytokines which mediate and regulate inflammation, immunity and heamatopoiesis.TNFa has many biological activities; such as anti tumor effects. It acts on hearriopoietic precursor cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, endothelial cells, bone and cartilage. It has roles in inflammation, septic shock, parasitic infestation, viral infections, metabolism, immune response and pyrogenic activity. TNFà is upregulated in many diseases such as chronic hepatitis cirrhosis and HCC. This study was conducted on sixty five patients attending the Gastroenterology Surgical Center, Mansoura University suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, in addition to fifteen healthy matched subjects. These subjects were classified into : *HCC group (25 cases). *Liver cirrhosis group (20 cases).