الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the antiemetic effect of ondansetron and dexamethazne in thirty children ASA physical status I and II aged (3-12 years) submitted to corrective strabismus surgery. At the same time we omitted nitrous oxide and opioids as they were proved to be emetogenic factors. Ketoprfen by IV infusion had been used for analgesia in all children. Patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 10 patients each, one group did not receive antiemetic (group I), the 2nd group received 100 ug kg-1; maximum dose 4 mg ondansetron (group II) and the last group received 1mg kg-1; maximum dose 25 mg dexamethazone (group III). All episodes of nausea and vomiting in the first 24 postoperative hours were evaluated by a four points score (0-3) and classified according to the onset after recovery as (non, early or late). Also, postoperative pain was assessed. In this study, we found a reduction in the incidence of PONV from (40%) in group I (control group) to (20%) in group II (ondansetron group) and also to (20%) in group III (dexamethazone group), but these differences were statistically insignificant. It can be concluded that dexamethazone is a cost effective alternative to ondansetron as prophylaxis against PONV after strabismus surgery in children. Also, it can be concluded that omission of N2O and opioids with concomitant use of ketoprofen by intravenous infusion reduce PONV in pediatric strabismus surgery, but further studies on a large number of patients are recommended.