الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Cytopenias are disorders of hematopoietic stem cell involve either one cell or all of the cell lines. There are very large numbers of cytokines regulating haematopoiesis. Elevated serum levels of some cytokines interferon-gamma (INF- ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has been found in of patients with cytopenias. Aim of work: The aim of our study is to evaluate the role of some cytokines as TNF- , IFN- , and IL-1 in cytopenias of different etiologies, and to assess the role of anticytokine therapy in these serious disorders. Methods: The present study comprised 34 patients with cytopenias 7 males and 27 females with age ranged from 20 to 70 years and 10 healthy volunteers. Results: There were highly significant increase in cytokines (TNF- and IFN- ) and non significant change in IL-1 in cytopenias. Significant decrease of TNF- and IFN- , and non significant changes in IL-1 in all patients after treatment with anticytokines and cyclosporin. Significant improvement in many hematologic parameters in different groups of patients after anticytokine and cyclosporin therapy. Conclusion: we can conclude that some cytokines (TNF- and IFN- ) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cytopenias associated with bone marrow failure disorders. Management of these disorders with anticytokines and cyclosporin results in significant decrease in the levels of these cytokines associated with improvement of cytopenias in these disorders. Our study on cytokines in bone marrow failure disorders yields newer therapeutic modalities. The palliative benefits of these non toxic therapies should not be underestimated and further studies need to be directed to identify agents that would be potent suppressor of preapoptotic cytokines in these hopeless situations.