الفهرس 
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Abstract
17723 children from different schools in some cities and villages in Dakahlia governorate were screened. It was found that 391 cases had strabismus (2.2%), 225 of them were manifest (1.2%), and 166 were latent (1.0%). Among 391 cases of strabismus 142 were esotropia (36.32% of the total number of cases of strabismus), 81 cases were exotropia (20.72%), vertical strabismus without horizontal deviations were 2 cases they were hypertropia (0.51%), 68 cases were esophoria (17.39%), and 98 cases were exophoria (25.06%). Mixed cases (horizontal and vertical strabismus) were 4 cases; 2 cases hypertropia mixed with esotropia, one case hypertropia mixed with exotropia, one case hypotropia mixed with exotropia, so the total number of vertical strabismus was 6 cases (1.53%). Among cases of esotropia 72 were monocular (50.70%), and 70 cases were alternating (49.30%). In exotropia 33 cases were monocular (40.74%) and 48 cases were alternating (59.26%). Among cases of esotropia 65 cases were fully accommodative (45.77% of cases with esotropia [142]), 45 cases were partially accommodative (31.69%) and 32 cases were non accommodative (22.54%). Among cases of exotropia, 44 cases were basic exotropia (54.32% of the total number of cases with exotropia[81]), 27 cases were pseudodivergence excess {increased tonic fusional convergence} (33.33%), and 10 cases were true divergence excess {high AC/A ratio} (12.35%). Esophoria was symptomatic in 8 cases (11.76% of cases with esophoria {68}), while among cases with exophoria 10 cases were symptomatic (10.20% of cases with exophoria [98]). The highest prevalence of strabismus was found among 4 to 5 years (4.3%). The prevalence of strabismus was found (51.2%) among girls and (48.8%) among boys. (77%) of cases of esotropia were hypermetropic while (65%) of cases of exotropia were myopic and (75%) of cases of esophoria were hypermetropic while (43%) cases with exophoria were myopic. Strabismic amblyopia was found in (0.12%) of the total number of screened children while secondary strabismus was found in (2%) of the total number of cases with strabismus and paralytic squint was found in (0.77%) of the total number of cases with strabismus, there was history of hydrocephalus in (0.77%) of the total number of cases with strabismus. Trauma, high fever, congenital anomalies, positive family history, consanguinity, twins, prematurity and Duane retraction syndrome were risk factors for strabismus.