الفهرس 
Introduction & Aim of the work
Overview on childhood dyspepsiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Dyspepsia in children is a challenging task for clinicians, and differentiation between organic diseases and functional disorders is mandatory. A prospective non randomized observational study was conducted on 53 Children candidate for upper GI endoscopy; another group of 16 age and sex matched children were included as a control for GE & EGG testing. Thorough history taking and reporting of the clinico-epidemiologic data; laboratory investigations; abdominal ultrasonography; upper GI endoscopy and routine mucosal biopsy; esophageal manometry; ambulatory 24 hours pH-metry; in addition to MEGG and acetate (liquid meal) 13C breath test for GE were applied. Results revealed: Upper GI bleeding, alarming symptoms presence, weight loss, lower weight Z score, Lower hemoglobin level, abnormal gross endoscopy were the relevant parameters for organic dyspepsia. Anthropometric measurements affection and anaemia were more reported in dyspeptic children vs. controls. Remarkable disagreement between gross endoscopy and histopathology existed; antral nodularity proved to be a useful endoscopic sign for H. pylori gastritis. The relation between mucosal alterations and patients’ clinical evaluation is poor. Abnormal acid reflux parameters were noticed among patients with reflux esophagitis; and increase significantly according to its histopathological severity grade. Abnormalities in functional testing of the children with dyspepsia were universal & indistinguishable among various etio-pathological subgroups. A significant correlation between gastric myoelectrical activity and GE was established. Clinical relevance and the influence of both EGG and GE abnormalities on patients’ symptoms are questionable.