الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The prevention of Hospital Acquired Infection (HAl), the control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the transmission of hepatitis during surgical or invasive treatments are crucial problem in public health. In a strategy for their control, the correct use of disinfectants is one of the means, which can be usefully applied. Studies of health care workers (HCWS) known to have been accidently exposed to body fluids (usually needlestick injuries) suggest that less than 2.7% of all such injuries result in Hepatitis C Virus infection (HCV) within a mean of 17.6 months of exposure . This is much less than the risk of injury with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) which ranges fwm 2 to 40% and greater than the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmission via such injury which ranges between 0.2% to 0.5%. HBV infection remains the most commonly acquired pathogen by dental. workers (Cleveland et al.,1999) and much easier to be transmitted than HCV infection (Gillcrist, 1999). Oral surgeons are considered to have the highest rate of HBV infections among health care workers (Reingold et al ., 1988). In this study, twenty HBsAg positive blood samples were collected regardless of sex and age from either blood banks of Mansoura general hospital, patients admitted to tropical department of hospitals of Mansoura University and blood banks of Mansoura University. Serum was separated from all blood samples and stored under -40C . All serum samples were pooled together to increase the infectivity and cover all subtypes in Egyptian population. Pooled serum was divided into two equal halfs. One half of serum was diluted using saline solution by 1/3 of its original concentration to simulate the effect of washing process. The other half was left undiluted. The diluted and undiluted infected serum were mixed with different concentrations of Glutaraldehyde ( 0.5%, 1 %, 1.5%, 2%) and standard concentration of Alkanol at different times ranging from 5 minutes to one hour and for 12 hours to evaluate the antiviral activity against HBV infection. This study was carried out also to detect the proper time for standard concentration of each solution and to detect the proper time of application for each concentration of Glutaraldehyde. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Tube method) was used to detect the presence or abscene of HBsAg as a marker for HBV infection.