الفهرس 
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Abstract
This investigation was carried out at Microbiological Dept., Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., to focus the utilization of sugar industry by-products. These by-products are sugar beet pulp (SBP), sugar beet leaves (SBL), sugar beet molasses (SBM) as low cost carbon source. The examination of some factors affecting the production of both amylase and cellulase obtained by tested fungi, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride were followed. Some factors affecting the activity of produced amylases and cellulases were pH, temperature, incubation time and thermal stability were also traced.
The activity of cellulases were determined in the cultural filtrate every 3 days during the fermentation period of 15 days. Data showed that the cellulases activities were at the maximum point after the 6th day of shake flasks cultivation. Interestingly, the three enzymes of cellulases, FP-ase, CMC-ase and Cb-ase are in their peak together at the 6th day of fermentation with all the five tested wastes by the fungus Aspergillus niger. The three enzymes reached its peak when leaves 1% was used as a carbon source.
Obtained data showed that 33°C was the most favourable for both α- and β-amylase being 6.7 and 0.584 U/ml of Aspergillus fumigatus cultural filtrate. The enzymatic activity was reduced by about 18.21% in case of 30°C while, 19.41% reduction was observed at 36°C for α-amylase. For β-amylase, the reduction values were 7.71 and 20.21% at 30 and 36°C, respectively. High significant differences was found and the values of the coefficient of variation was0.46%.
The activities of amylases either α- or β-amylase are increased with the increasing of the temperature of the reaction mixture. The optimum temperature was 50°C for both enzymes. The activity was 7.512 and 0.650 U/ml for α-amylase and β-amylase, respectively. The activity of α-amylase sharply decreased to 7.024, 5.526 and 4.551 U/ml at 60, 65 and 70°C, respectively. Also β-amylase unit decreased to 0.478, 0.432 and 0.315 U/ml at 60, 65 and 70°C, respectively.