الفهرس 
INTROOUCT IONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sequelae complications and effects of different stages of the bilharzial ureter and the methods for investigting them have been favourite topices in the egyption research literature due to the large population effected with bilharzia , and the frequency of this pathology in these patients , which provides the uniqueness of the oppertunity to study this disease in egypt, as compared with other less infested areas of the word .
clinical investigations have provided evidence that several mechanisms may lead to upper tract obstrution following involvement of the ureter by bilharziasis , ibrahim (1923), gelfand el sadr(1948), fam (1964).