الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present investigation was conducted in pot trials during summer season of 2004 to study the effect of organic wastes chicken manure (CM), sheep manure (SM) and town refuse (TR) on vegetative growth, yield component and chemical composition of marigold (Tagets erecta) and zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacp) grown in sandy and clayey soil and the effect on soil chemical and physical properties in both soils. Effect of organic wastes on zinnia and marigold in clayey and sandy soils: 1- Effect of organic wastes on growth parameters of zinnia and marigold plants: Growth parameters (plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, branches number, flowers number and flowers diameters) of zinnia and marigold plants was increased with increasing organic wastes application relative to the control and these increases were highly significant. 2- Effect of organic wastes on fresh and dry weight of flower, leaf and stem of zinnia and marigold plants: Concerning the effect of organic wastes under study on fresh and dry weight of flower, leaf and stem of zinnia and marigold plants, significant increases in flower fresh weight with all treatments as compared to the control were observed. Raising the levels of CM and SM up to 100 g/8kg except TR up to 20 g/8kg increase the leaves fresh and dry weight of zinnia and marigold plants. Application of CM 100 g/8kg, shows the highest stem fresh and dry weight in zinnia and marigold plants. 3- Effect of organic wastes on leaf macro and micro nutrients concentration in zinnia and marigold plants: Macro and micronutrients concentration in leaves of zinnia and marigold plants increased significantly with the application of organic wastes compared with the control. The differences between wastes treatments were significant. The maximum content of N was appeared when the treatment of CM at dose 100 g/8kg. P% of leaves increased significantly with increasing TR up to 20 g/8kg, SM up to 100 g/8k and CM up to 200 g/8kg compared to the control. The maximum increase of K content was obtained by application of 100 g CM/8kg. The highest Fe concentration of zinnia and marigold leaves were obtained with 200 & 100 g/8kg CM. Mn concentration increased with increasing TR up to 20 g/8kg while SM up to 100 and 20 g/8kg while CM up to the level of 100 g/8kg with zinnia and marigold, respectively. Zn concentration of leaves are recorded in zinnia and marigold with the rate of 200 & 100 g / 8kg CM. while Zn content increased at the rate of 100 g/8kg for both TR and SM addition. Raising the levels of applied wastes increase Cu content up to 20 g/8kg of TR and SM while CM at the rate of 100 g/8kg. 4- Effect of organic wastes on stem and flower macronutrients concentration in zinnia and marigold plants: Macronutrients (NPK) in zinnia and marigold stems and flowers were increased significantly as affected by adding organic wastes compared with the control. 5- Effect of organic wastes on macro and micro nutrients content in clayey and sandy soils after harvesting of zinnia and marigold plants: Data indicated that soil macro and micro nutrients content in clayey and sandy soils after harvesting of zinnia & marigold plants were increased gradually by increasing TR, SM, and CM application rates. 6- Effect of organic wastes on EC, pH and SP of clayey soils after harvesting of zinnia and marigold plants: Application of organic wastes TR, SM and CM increase EC value of the soil after harvesting of zinnia and marigold plants. CM was more effective for increasing EC value than TR and SM. There is no effect for pH value in all treatments. Increasing application doses of TR, SM and CM showed increases SP values in the soil after harvest zinnia and marigold plants. Conclusion: The study showed that organic wastes of town refuse, chicken manure and sheep manure are just as effective as traditional fertilizer. Organic wastes contain large amounts of organic matter. When added to soil, organic wastes act as a soil conditioner. Organic wastes are rich in nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium and other micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). These nutrients are released into the soil slowly. So, returns essential plant nutrients to the soil, releases them slowly to the plant, improves the organic matter content of the soil. This is particularly advantageous in poor soil conditions (sandy soils) where a newly established plantation can greatly benefit from the ongoing boost given by the amendment of the soil with organic wastes. It can also, reduce cost of fertilizer used. Increase also physical, biological conditions of both soils.