الفهرس 
Biological basis of bone grafting
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common diseases of humans, it is an infectious condition that can result in inflammatory destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone which can persist in the absence of treatment and result in exposure of periodontium. The invasion of inflammation to bone surface initiate bone loss. The goal of bone regeneration procedures is to facilitate the growth of new bone into osseous defects such as those encountered in periodontal disease. Materials that are used in bone regeneration therapy should, therefore, support the attachment and proliferation of the bone forming osteoblastic cells. In the present study, fisiograft (polylactide polyglycolide acid) which is one of the synthetic polymers, has been tried as bone substitute for ten patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison with other ten patients treated with surgical flap debridement. The clinical parameters was recorded at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. In all patients of the two groups, the probing depth decreased significantly by the end of the study. But in the fisiograft treated group, a clinically significant decrease in probing depth was observed at 3 months (4.55±0.5mm to 2.85±0.45mm) rather than the second group which were (4.78±0.6mm to 4.00±0.46mm ) All patient showed clinical attachment gain (CAL) from baseline to the end of the study in group I (2.45±0.42mm) in group II (1.12±0.36mm) (P≤0.01) highly significant. In fisiograft treated group (group I) there was an increase in total ALP in the second week after treatment but this increase was not statistically significant. At one month the increase was still not statistical significant at the three months there was slight decrease but still higher than the baseline, and at six months the decrease still found almost near the baseline. In the flap treated group (group II) almost there was no change in total serum ALP from the baseline to the end of the study.