الفهرس 
Introduction
Anatomy and biomechanics of the anterior cervical spineOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedure was originally popularized in 1950 by Bailey and Badgley, with subsequent modifications made by Robinson and Smith. Surgical treatment primarily should relieve symptoms and restore function. With fusion, successful arthrodesis and maintained sagittal plane balance also are goals. Pseudarthrosis has been shown to be a cause of clinical failure, which sometimes requires revision surgery to achieve solid fusion and clinical improvement. Solid fusion rates for multilevel anterior cervical fusion are lower than those reported for one-level anterior cervical fusion. Although controversial, anterior instrumentation increase the rate of solid fusion in 2-3 level ACDF but not in single level ACDF. Interbody fusion cages are designed to achieve bony union through the spacer and to prevent disc space collapse and donor-site morbidity. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty provides the opportunity to preserve motion after neural decompression. Artificial disc technology has rapidly advanced and provided great potential for treatment strategies for several spine disorders especially in the cervical spine. The prosthesis is constructed of metal-on-metal or metal-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces and osteoconductive coating to facilitate fixation. Minimally invasive anterior endoscopic cervical microdiscectomy is an outpatient procedure with less morbidity, no graft donor site to cause secondary problems and significant decrease in the period of convalescence and costs.