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Abstract
BMI defined as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the
height in meter: lean less than 20.0;normal,20.0 through 24.9; overweight
, 25.0 through 29.9 ;and obese, 30.0 or more.
Types of obesity : - Gynoid obesity .
- Android obesity.
- Abdominal obesity .
- Excess total body fat.
Causes of obesity :
1. greater consumption of energy than is is used by the body.
2. Genetic factors.
3. Endocrinal factors. 4- Repeated pregnancy and lactation
Treatment of obesity :
1. Diet treatment .
2. Weight loss drugs.
3. Exercise.
4. Behavior modification.
5. Surgical treatment .
Effects of obesity on pregnancy:
Obesity is a major risk factor for GDM and insulin resistance syndrome.
The risk of preeclampsia typically doubled with each 5-7 kg/m2 increase
in prepregnancy body mass index.
Obesity is associated with increased risk of first trimester and recurrent
miscarriage.
Maternal overweight condition increased the risk of antepartum stillbirth,
especially term antepartum stillbirth.
The incidence of placental abruption is higher among morbidly obese .
Among nulliparous women , the risk of late fetal death is roughly tripled
among overweight, and quadrupled among obese.Among parus women
,the risk of late fetal death is significantly increased only among the obese
women