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Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for various manifestations of infectious and inflammatory disease. Their patterns in typhoid and paratyphoid fever were a focus of interest for several investigators who showed controversy regarding the level of these cytokines.
Type I cell: mediated immunity play an important role in protection from typhoid fever. The understanding of cell-mediated immunity is the most important because antibodies, although abundantly produced locally can not access and act on these intracellular pathogens. Many studied were done to evaluate the role of CMI and demonstrate that successful immunity agnist salmonella infection is dependent on the generation of CD4 (+) T before cells and CD8 (+) T cells.
This study was planned to determine the levels of some of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and sTNF-RI together with CD4 and CD8 in children with typhoid and paratyphoid fevers in order to high light the role of these mediators in typhoid pathogenesis and correlation of them with clinical features and outcome of the disease for this purpose 30 children (18 males and 12 females) with their ages ranging from 3-13 years(mean age ± SD 8 years) with culture proven acute typhoid fever and 10 healthy children (6 males and 4 females) with ages from 2.5-12.5 (mean age 7.5± SD) were included in this study patients and controls were subjected through history and physical examination in addition to, CBC, widal test, ESR, CRP. Patients received treatment in the form of chloramphemical in a dose of 50 mg/kg and cotrimoxazale in a dose of 10mg/kg/day for 5 days. According to the response to treatment at the 5th day patients were divided in to two.