الفهرس 
operation factors
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Abstract
This investigation was mainly carried out to develop the possibility of utilizing a friction metering device to plant the Egyptian cereal crops. Laboratory studies were carried out in Faculty of Agric., Mansoura University at season 2007. The effect of four forward speeds (V) of 0.75, 1.03, 1.3 and 1.5 m/s and five peripheral speeds (R) of 0.09, 0.16, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 m/s with two discs [FS1] and [FS2] and their interaction were studied to evaluate peripheral process throughout planting maize and sugar beet. Engineering parameters such as longitudinal and lateral dispersion, % were determined. Seed damage, % with distance between seeds were also evaluated. The obtained results concluded that: 1. For maize: The longitudinal grain dispersion for maize 1.2Averages of actual distance between grains By using metering disc [FS2] the increment of forward speed resulted in increasing longitudinal dispersion. Under forward speed of 0.75, the best results were obtained by using peripheral speed of 0.25 m/s. The theoretical distance was 24.6 cm and the actual distance was 29.1 cm. 1.3 Standard deviation (sd): With forward speed of 0.75, 1.03, 1.3 and 1.5 m/s showed (sd) of 3.6, 3.1. 2.9 and 2.4, respectively under peripheral speed of 0.09 m/s. Also, with peripheral speed of 0.16 m/s showed the (sd) of 3.2, 2.8, 2.7 and 2.1, respectively. By increasing peripheral speed to 0.20 m/s the (sd) result was 2.9, 2.5, 2.3 and 1.8, respectively. 2. For sugar beet: The longitudinal seeds dispersion on sugar beet seeds 2.1 Averages of actual distance between seeds Using forward speed of 0.75 m/s and peripheral speed of 0.16 m/s gave the best results as there was approximately similarity between both theoretical and actual distances. Averages while forward speed of 1.03 m/s and peripheral speed of 0.20 m/s gave similar results but generally, forward speed of 0.75 m/s and peripheral speed of 0.16 m/s gave the best results in all treatments with sugar beet. 2.2 Standard deviation (sd) Any increment in forward speed and peripheral speed resulted in decrement in (sd) with other words an inversely relationship. With forward speed of 0.75, 1.03, 1.3 and 1.5 m/s showed (sd) of 4.2, 3.8, 3.6 and 2.9, respectively under peripheral speed of 0.09 m/s. Also, peripheral speed of 0.16 m/s showed the (sd) of 3.9, 3.6, 3.4 and 2.85, respectively. All these results were under the same forward speed of 0.75, 1.03, 1.3 and 1.5 m/s., respectively and by using [FS1] disc.