الفهرس 
Introduction
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Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at Hafeer Shehap El Deen, El Khashaa region, Kafer El Sheek Governorate during the two successive seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 to investigate the effect of time of spraying treatments ( at 50, 70 and 90 days from planting), spraying with chemical substances ( control, water, EM and amino acids) and nitrogen fertilization rates (60, 80 and 100 Kg/ fad) as well as their interaction on the growth, yield, yield components as well as quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris,L) varaity (Gloria).
•The most important results obtained from this investigation can be summarized as follows:
I- Effect of time of spraying
The obtained results showed that time of spraying had significant effect on root yield (ton/fad) in both seasons and on biological yield (ton/fad) in the first season. Spraying at the age of 90 days in the first season and at 70 days in the second season gave the highest values of yield characters except for top yield and harvest index. II- Effect of chemical spraying substances:
The obtained results showed that spraying chemical substances treatments induced significant increase in root yield (ton/fad) in both seasons and on biological yield (ton/fad) in both seasons at harvest. The highest measurement of yield was obtained from spraying by EM.
It had significant increase on all yield characters with raising nitrogen fertilizer levels from 60 to 100 kg N/fad in both seasons. Moreover, the highest values for root yield, top yield and biological yield (ton/fad) were obtained from application of 100 kg N/fad in both seasons, while harvest index gave the highest values with application of 60 kg N/fad in the first season and with 80 kg N/fad in the second season at harvest. IV Interactions effects:
1-The interaction between times of spraying and chemical substances treatments :-
Our results indicated that significant interaction effect between times of spraying and chemical substances treatments on root length and diameter, LA, LAI and root / top ratio (at first and second samples at 120 and 150 days planting) in both studied seasons as well as root ,foliage and total fresh weight, root length and diameter at harvest in both seasons. Moreover, it had significant effect on total soluble solids % TSS, sugar content %, Juice purity percentage, root yield, top yield and biological yield (ton/fad) and harvest index.
2-The interaction between times of spraying and nitrogen fertilizer rates treatments:- It had significant effect on leaves number, root length and diameter, foliage fresh weight and LAI (at first and second samples at 120 and 150 days planting) in both seasons as well as root, foliage and total fresh weight and root length at harvest in both seasons. Moreover, it had significant effect on total soluble solids % TSS, Juice purity percentage and root yield (ton/fad) in both seasons.
3-The interaction between spraying chemical substances and nitrogen fertilizer rates treatments:- It had significant effect on all characters except for root fresh weight, root diameter and SLW (at first and second samples at 120 and 150 days planting) in both seasons and harvest index at harvest.
4-The interaction among times of spraying, chemical substances and nitrogen fertilizer rates treatments :- The results appeared that significant interaction among time of spraying, chemical substances and nitrogen fertilizer rates treatments on all characters except for root ,foliage fresh weight and total fresh and dry weight (at first and second samples at 120 and 150 days planting) as well as sugar yield and harvest index at harvest. CONCLUSION Generally, it can be concluded that according to the obtained results from this study, foliar spraying of sugar beet at 70 days from planting together with EM and application of 100 Kg N/ fad can be consider the best treatment for raising sugar beet productivity under the environmental conditions at EL Khafeer Shehap El Deen, El Khashaa region, Kafer El Sheek Governorate