الفهرس 
Hints on Sleep PhysiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a major chronic disease with high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden and associated with significantly reduced life expectancy and quality of life due to well-established microvascular and macrovascular complications. Recently the list of diabetes-associated problems has expanded to include effects on a wide range of organs and functions e.g. reduced pulmonary function, hearing loss. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, and the causes of this pandemic are not fully understood. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that may affect 4% of adult men and 2% of adult women. Aim of work: The objective of this essay is to review the literatures and analyze papers and periodicals concerning this subject to declare the link between SDB and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: The results emphasize on the following: (1) OSA and glucose metabolism, (2) OSA, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, (3) CPAP therapy and glucose metabolism, (4) Sleep quality, quantity and glucose metabolism. We can conclude that SDB is independently linked with type 2 diabetes mellitus and any of these diseases must be considered in prediction, assessment and control of the other. Independent association between presence and severity of OSA, habitual snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness with glucose intolerance and diabetes. Short, long and poor sleep patterns are significant predictors of developing type 2 diabetes. There is weak evidence that OSA worsens insulin resistance, but there is a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) with it. A significant improvement of glucose tolerance parameters with CPAP therapy.