الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 86 |  |  |
| | | from | 86 | | |
Abstract
Acupuncture is an integral part of an ancient Chinese System of medicine that has been used for more than 2500 years to treat diseases and relieve pain. According to tradition, the practice of acupuncture is based on a philosophy of balanced and unity between the universe, live being, and energy flow that penetrates everywhere and everything. Any imbalance, disruption, or energy – flow blockage within the body can cause disease or pain. The main concept and philosophy of acupuncture is to return the body to a harmonized, balanced state . In preoperative preparation of certain types of patients, intra operative application of acupuncture-assisted anesthesia, and postoperative management of surgical and anesthetic complications. The acupuncture is useful in analgesia and other symptomatic control, functional maintainance and restoration, reduced mortality and accelerate discharge . Acupuncture involves the use of sharp, thin needles that are inserted in the body at very specific points. This process is believed to adjust and alter the body’s energy flow into healthier patterns which is used to treat a wide variety of illnesses and improve the health condition . The goals of preoperative preparation with acupuncture are to optimize the physiological and psychological conditions of the patient, which suggests that acupuncture is effective for reducing preoperative anxiety by its sedation effect which decrease intraoperative opioid use , reduces intraoperative anesthetic requirement and control postoperative nausea , vomiting and treatment of thoracotomy , abdominal surgery pain, and it may also stabilize cardiac function and improves both airway mucociliary clearance and the airway surface liquid .