الفهرس 
Causes of Mental DisordersOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction: Depression in the general popula¬tion is approximately 3%. Among asthmatic patients it amount for about 9%, and ranges from 6% to 42% in COPD patients and rises to 46% in TB patients. On the other hand the prevalence of anxiety disorders in the general population is approximately 20%. Among asthmatic patients it amount for about, a 30% the prevalence of anxiety disorders also varies widely in COPD patients (from 21% to 96%) and rises to 47% in TB patients. The association of depression and anxiety with respiratory diseases lead to difficulty in treatment, repeated hospitalization, greater utilization of health care resources, and poorer health-related quality of life. Patients with a history of depressive and anxiety disorders report more severe nicotine withdrawals symptoms and may experience greater difficulty in smoking cessation. The other side of the coin was the respiratory symptoms of psychogenic origin for example hyperventilation syndrome may be mistaken for asthma. Also psychogenic cough and chest pain exhaust facilities to be diagnosed if psychiatric background not in mind. Psychiatric disorders may be associated with pulmonary complications such as in catatonia aspiration pneumonia, respiratory failure, and pulmonary embolism can occur through the course of the disease. Also Injection drug abuse may results in acute or chronic pulmonary complications. Aim of work: The aim of this essay was to have an overview on the interrelation between respiratory diseases and psychiatric disorders including the effect of medications used in both disciplines. Conclusions: The co-morbidity of respiratory diseases and psychiatric disorders affect the course and prognosis of the original disease. The occurrences of psychiatric disorders in respiratory patients have a negative effect on the quality of life. Co-morbid psychiatric disorders with respiratory diseases lead to greater utilization of health care resources. Smoking is a risk factor for many respiratory diseases, smoking is more prevalent among psychiatric disorders, and therefore smoking cessation program should have multidisplinary team. Psychiatric side effects of respiratory drugs should be in consideration especially with long term treatment. Awareness of psychiatric problems in respiratory diseases is an important part in the plane of treatment. Unrecognized respiratory problems in patients with well known psychiatric disorders could affect the outcome of the disease.