الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is a shift in the equilibrium between reactive oxidant species, occurring during normal metabolic or any pathological processes in the body, and their protective antioxidant defense mechanisms in favor of reactive oxidant species. Free radicals are involved in pathogenesis of various diseases including, atherosclerosis, diabetes, stroke, inflammatory diseases and cancer. The biological effects of free radicals are controlled in vivo by a wide range of antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin A, and glutathione and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. In vivo detection of free radicals is difficult because of their short lifetimes so, lipid peroxidation markers such as, malon dialdehyde, products of oxidatively damaged DNA such as, 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine, and plasma reactive carbonyl derivative are used as indicators of oxidative stress. The brain is sensitive to oxidative damage because of its high metabolic demand, high polyunsaturated fatty acids content, poor repair capacity, and high iron load. So, oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders such as epileptic seizures, stroke, neurodegenerative disorders, and neurotrauma.