الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a generic term that refers to Crohn’s disease and chronic ulcerative colitis. Inflammatory bowel disease is precipitated by a complex interaction of environmental, genetic, and immunoregulatory factors. Biomarkers of IBD can be classified into serological, fecal and miscellaneous categories. Biomarkers of IBD can be used for IBD diagnosis, stratification, estimation of activity, prognosis, and prediction the response to therapy. Serological markers include, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), antibodies directed against self-antigens and microbial antigens. Fecal biomarkers include the fecal excretion of leukocytes, leukocyte products, and serum proteins. Fecal markers have the advantage of having higher specificity for the diagnosis of IBD because their levels are not raised in extra-digestive processes.