الفهرس 
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Abstract
This war! was conducted al the laboratories of Agrlcuttural Mechanllation Department . Faculty 01 Agriculture. AL·ManSOUI’B University. The objecti w-es of this study wero to ow-aluate the hydraulic characteristics of some emitters, which are retated 10 pressure vanallen andlor manufactunng w-aflalion and/or temperatures vanation of irrigation water. A trickle I’rl9ation system wllh d osed water loop was bUitt up to achlevo the obtocl,ve of this study. Study included two stages. The first stage : At a Wide range of pl’et.sure differences on !he main IH’Ie the emitters discharge was measured The ernoUers’ dischBtge wes measured al 20, 40, 60,60, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kPa at averag waler temperature oI 2S-C. The second stage : In thiS stage the Irrigation system was Insulated With glass wooi \0 keep the waler temperature at lhe required degree The dlsct\arQe 01 emlllers was measured at lour different water temperature 0110, 25, 40, 55 ’C al constant pressure of 100 kPa. The treatmen ts of this study were evaluated by : Means of emiller disdiafge (lpn). 2· christiansen’s CoeffIcient of Vanation (eV) Of manufacturing vanation %. 3- CoeffiCIent of Uniformity (CU) %. 4· Irrigation System efficiency (EI} %. 5- Distribution affici8f’lCy (Ed) ”.4. 6· ”4 excess of waler gOll”lg deep after soil mOIsture doficiooCV II sahsfied (Ee). 7. The modIfIed diS\rlbutlon effi ciency (ME,,) %. 8- The mod,fled % excess of wale( gong deep alter soil moisture deficiency Is salisfied (ME,). 9- The em,l18f tlow vanation (6).