الفهرس 
epidemological aspect of micronutrientOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
any studies have shown that micronutrients have a positive influence on growth, psychomotor coordination, mental function, and skeletal health in children .The degree and distribution of micronutrient deficiencies depends on many factors: the political and economic situation, the level of education and sanitation, the season, the existence and effectiveness of nutrition programs and the availability and quality of health services. Prevalence of iron deficiency is present in 39% of children younger than 5 years, and 48% of children between 5 and 14 years in developing countries ,more over , the frequency of iron deficiency in developing countries is about 2∙5 times that of anaemia .Causes of iron deficiency include low intakes of meat,fish,poultry and high intakes of cereals and legumes,preterm delivery or low birth weight and parasite infections (i.e. schistosomiasis, ascaris) which cause heavy blood losses. As regarde iodine deficiency, WHO estimated nearly two billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake, including 1/3 of all school-age children.Causes of iodine deficiency include consumption of crops and plants grown on iodine deficient soils ,bacterial load of water, severe PEM, recurrent infections and ingestion of goitrogen