الفهرس 
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Abstract
Lung cancer ranks among the most common and most lethal malignancies worldwide. In Egypt, it is the second most common malignancy after bladder cancer in men and breast cancer in women. It is an important and widespread disease that constitutes a major public health problem. It is rapidly emerging as a major cause of mortality in the world. Advances in molecular biology have provided important information about many significant determinants of prognosis in NSCLC. Treatment for lung cancer depends on the cancer’s specific cell type, how far it has spread and the patient’s performance status. Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Cisplatin has been the cornerstone of most combination regimens studied in NSCLC. Although several new cytotoxic agents have been introduced in the treatment of NSCLC during the last decade, only small improvements in the survival of patients with advanced/metastatic lung cancer have been observed. It is clear that chemotherapy has reached a plateau of activity in the treatment of NSCLC and further improvement in treatment is likely to require integration of novel targeted therapies. Targeted therapies, unlike conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, focus on cell signaling and other biologic pathways that are involved in tumorigenesis. They interfere with specific critical steps associated with the initiation and maintenance of the malignant phenotype.Geftinib and Erlotnib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR ,also Cetuximab is amonoclonal antibody target EGFR ,both show significant benefit in NSCLC. Bevacizumab monoclonal antibody that target VEGF also show benefit in NSCLC. Although lung cancer is still considered to be a devastating malignancy with 5-year survival less than 15%, there has been major advancement in the overall treatment especially in the era of targeted therapy. With continuing efforts in research along the targeted approach, lung cancer will hopefully become a chronic condition like hypertension or diabetes in the near future.