الفهرس 
CONTENTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
At present air conditioning systems of houses sourced by cold water chilled in compressor type of refrigerators are in wide use. It is well known that compressor type of refrigerators consume large quantity of electricity. For instance the peak consumption of electricity in southern states of USA takes place in summer period when millions of air conditioners are in operation for creating normal microclimatic conditions in residential, commercial, industrial and in all other types of houses. The energy used in 1990 in USA for air conditioning of buildings was estimated 4.1 x1015 Joule or 1 138 888 889 kWh of electricity. To produce such a quantity of energy 379 629 630 m3 of natural gas was needed. This energy end use is on the rise and is expected to increase as the population shifts to the wormer southern states. To reducing energy consumption for air conditioning it is becoming attractive the use of evaporative cooling air conditioning systems, as in this case, the compressor type air chillers are not needed. The evaporative cooling of air is based on the contact of air and water in air washer devices during of which heat and mass transfer between air and sprayed water take place. As a result both air and water are cooled because of evaporation of water. from this point of view the evaporative cooling is considered as a kind of energy renewable resource. Two common types of evaporative cooling systems are in use. These are direct and indirect systems. In spite of the big advantage, the evaporative cooling type air conditioning didn’t find large application because supply temperatures of air tS after the air washer are not low enough. So, in many climatic conditions characterized by rather high specific humidity of outside air, a direct evaporative cooling air conditioning system is not able to provide full comfort conditions in houses. For solving the problem it is becoming necessary to reduce artificially the value of specific humidity of outside air since as lower the specific humidity of the air as lower the dry bulb temperature. The most convenient and effective way of air drying is the sorption of vapor from the air by the help of adsorbents.The adsorption of water vapor into a micro porous adsorbent results in the release of the so called ‘‘heat of adsorption’’ which actually is the latent heat of condensation of vapor. Accordingly, the temperature of the adsorbent particle rises, which reduces its adsorptive capacity. In the past few years, several investigators like Ahmed, Ali , Bourdoukan, Camargo, Costelloe, Cui, Ding, Dai, Daou, Ghali, Mazzei, Panaras, Subramanyam Zhang, and many others have been conducting research to evaluate and discuss the feasibility of the application of desiccant cooling systems. But, they haven’t developed methodology for increasing the energy efficiency and cost effectiveness of evaporative cooling, for improving the efficiency of descant wheels by taking into account more factors which in reality exist and influences on the effectiveness of the desiccant wheel, for developing methods and optimization models for determining the optimal design parameters of evaporative cooling air conditioning systems. Moreover, they have never tried to use energy regeneration in evaporative cooling air conditioning systems and to composing mathematical models for overall optimization of the evaporative cooling air conditioning