الفهرس 
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Abstract
Although the muscles are relatively resistant to infection, it can be invaded by parasites either directly or via the haematogenous route. Trichinella spiralis and Haycocknema perplexum are the most important parasites selecting the muscles, the former builds its own home, called ”Nurse Cell”, in the muscles, while the later causes polymyositis and leads to severe disease. Although muscular affection due to Taenia solium is mainly asymptomatic, the ”Rice grain” pattern on X-ray can not be neglected. Myositis may be caused by primary Toxoplasma gondii infection or as a sequel of reactivation, particularly in immuno-compromised patients. Other parasites are incriminated in the aetiology of myositis. The mechanism may be due to direct invasion and granuloma formation, induction of auto-immune disease, or as a part of ”Parasitic Rheumatism”. The diagnosis of the causative parasite is the cornerstone for management. It can be suggested by history of residence or travel to endemic area, clinical findings are also important. Parasitologic, serologic, and molecular methods, together with invasive techniques, including endoscopy and histopathologic examination of tissue biopsies, should be well coordinated to identify the causative parasite. Treatment, based on the causative agent, should be accurately tailored for every patient, with regard to age, weight, and severity of the clinical condition. Drug resistance should be put in consideration in different geographic areas, also, it should be avoided through the proper use of anti-parasitic drugs.