الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nosocomial infections (NIs) have become a matter of major concern and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). There have been various attempts in many countries to control nosocomial infections, with the goal of lowering and stabilizing the rates. The knowledge of the frequency and distribution of these infections in hospital environments and their association with factors that can be controlled is a necessary first step in reducing the risk of NI and their associated morbidity and mortality The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence rate, most frequent sites and causative organisms of infections, risk factors and to assess the impact of neonatal nosocomial infection in NICU. A descriptive- hospital based analytic study was carried out for 22 months in the NICU of the Mansoura University Children Hospital. Of the 238 neonate evaluated, 49 neonate developed 51 nosocomial infective episode, with an incidence rate of (21.4%) and 13.8‰ infection per 1000 hospital stay days. Pneumonia was the commonest infection (11.3%) followed by bloodstream infection (8.8%). The most frequently isolated organisms were Klebsiella species (33.3%) followed by Escherichia coli (21.6%) and the case fatality rate among infected neonates was 24.5%. NI is a significant problem in our NICUs, some of risk factors are considered modifiable and this may significantly reduce the incidence of infections and their associated complications.