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Abstract Among the childhood cancers, the acute leukemias are the most common accounting for about 30% of all newly diagnosed cases. In Egypt, lymphoma is relatively common with a lymphoma to leukemia ratio of 1.3 : 1 in children under 16 years.With advances in the effective treatment of childhood leukemias and lymphomas using combination chemotherapy,infectious complications have emerged as major causes of morbidity and mortality during the therapy of these hematological malignancies. With cure rate in childhood ALL approaching 60 to 80%, it is tragic to loss such patients to an infectious cause of death.This study was carried out on 15 patients with hematological malignancies with the aim to indentify the common sites of infection and the common types of organisms isolated from these infected patients before and after induction chemotherapy. |