الفهرس 
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Abstract
There is a good evidence that intravenous administration of heparin has been shown to lower mean arterial pressure (MAP) by reducing systemic vascular resistance (SVR) .A number of recent studies have stressed the relationship between the intracellular and extracellular calcium concentrations and blood pressure levels .Previous studies investigated the possibility that the haemodynamic response to heparin could be mediated by a transient hypocalcaemia .Also, heparin is known to cause immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, this condition may be complicated by arterial and venous thrombosis resulting in sever disability or death .Protamine is said to cause no significant haemodynamic changesj in patients with good left ventricular function.However in patients with poor left ventricular function after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) protamine infusion was associated with decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) .