الفهرس 
AnatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of the present work is to detect pawp by non invasive method as it is an important clinical marker of cardiac function. as it reflects left atrial pressure, assess the degree of diastolic left ventricular filling, judges the engorgement of the pulmonary vasculature, calculate the pulmonary vascular resistance and judges for fluid challenge. -The present work include the study of (60) cases attending the cardiac department, Tanta University Hospital for catheterization and hemodynamic evaluation. All cases were subjected to complete history taking, physical examination and echo Doppler examination about one houre before catheterization of the right side of the heart. from the pulsed Doppler echocardiography we obtained indexes for left ventricular filling function (as peak early transmitral flow E, peak flow due to atrial contraction A, E/A ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time, deceleration period and atrial filling fraction).