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Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the change in certain trace elements levels such as Fe, Cu and Zn, and ceruloplasmin in the serum and tissue samples of patients suffering from breast, prostate and liver malignancies, with progress of disease. Their value as a new prognostic marker as well as their relation to other tumor markers were evaluated. Also, serum tumor marker levels such as CA15-3, PSA and AFP and the hematological and biochemical parameters for the patients were evaluated.
The concentration of serum and tissue trace elements (Fe, Cu and Zn) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum ceruloplasmin level was determined by radialimmunodiffusion. The tumor markers such as CA15-3, PSA and AFP were assayed by IRMA technique. The study included 21 female with breast cancer, 18 male with prostate cancer and 12 male and female with liver cancer, in addition to 22 male and female healthy age and sex matched controls
The selected hematological and biochemical parameters in serum breast and prostate patients showed insignificant change, but significantly changed in serum of liver cancer patients was recorded.
Serum tumor marker levels were significantly changed in all grades of the three malignancies. The results obtained revealed a significant elevation of Cu and Fe in serum and tissue of malignant patients versus the control, but Zn showed significant
decrease (P<0.05 and P<0.01) in most grades of breast, prostate and liver cancer, when compared to that of control group. Serum ceruloplasmin levels were significantly higher among the malignant groups than that of control subjects. Also, correlation between the tumor markers (CA15-3, PSA and AFP) and trace elements Fe, Cu and Zn and ceruloplasmin in serum and tissue were observed.
The results revealed that, there was a significant positive correlation between Cu, Fe and ceruloplasmin and tumor markers, while all patient groups showed significant negative correlation between Zn and tumor markers in serum and tissues.
In conclusion, this study stated that the determination of serum and tissue trace elements levels is a potential candidate for being used as prognostic marker for cancers. This work is now in progress to investigate whether or not it can be applied at a reasonable cost as a routine analysis for cancer patients.
Key Words: Fe, Cu, Zn, ceruloplasmin, tumor markers, breast, prostate, liver cancers.