الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hearing loss in renal diseases was first described by Alport (1927) in Alport’s syndrome. It was also described by Yassin eta!., (1970).
Quick (1976) showed after that , that there is a strong relationship between the inner ear and kidney as their epithelial components shared the same antigemcity , but some authors as Antonelli et a! ., (1991) reported not only the inner ear is the site of lesion in chronic renal failure but the 8th cranial nerve also is affected as a part of axonal uraemic neuropathy , and hence, some authors reported that renal failure is responsible for hearing loss while others blamed factors to which the patients were exposed during the period of renal failure.
The aim of the work was to assess the hearing in cases of chronic renal failure before and after hemodialysis in different groups, divided according to the duration of dialysis.
In this work , thirty normal subjects were examined as the control group . Another thirty patients with chronic renal failure were examined , they were referred from the Nephrology Unit of Mataria Teaching Hospital. Each subject has the followings:
1-Full history 2-ENT examination
3-Audiological examination including air conduction and kone conduction.
4-Typmanometry.
5-Before and after haemodialysis, laboratory investigations were done for the study groups.