الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Identification of congenital anomalies of optic nerve gained special importance in the management of optic nerve diseases. This importance arises from the similarity of clinical appearance between some congenital anomalies and serious acquired diseases of optic nerve that require immediate neurological evaluation and management. For instance, the large cupped anomalies are similar to glaucomatous cupping of optic disc. Also, buried drusen of optic nerve head simulates papilloedma. Recognition of such congenital anomalies of optic nerve represents a diagnostic challenge. Proper diagnosis helps avoiding costly and unnecessary investigations.
The ocular and systemic associations of some congenital anomalies of optic nerve have been mentioned in this essay to clarify the importance of carrying out further investigations.
Also, the embryology and anatomy of the optic nerve have been discussed in order to allow identification of the abnormal anomalous optic nerve. Also, the methods of evaluation of optic nerve functions have been considered. The clinical presentation and complications of each one of congenital anomalies of the optic nerve have been discussed.
In the present essay the etiology and possible genetic background of some of congenital anomalies of optic nerve have been highlighted and special concern has been given to clarify the proper investigative tools and possible management of these anomalies of optic nerve.