الفهرس 
Surgical Anatomy of Liver and Biliary TreeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study has been performed on 105 patients which were either Jaundiced at presentation or had a history of jaundice aged between 30 and 81 years and admitted in Nasser institude Hospital and Al – Menoufiya University Hospital in the period from 1997 to 2002. all the patients were subjected to careful history including change in colour of urine, pale stool, loss of weight fever, vomiting, history of jaundice or present with jaundice, prurtities, and pain as if it is acute or gradual, its site and radiation.
General examination of patient for depth of jaundice palpable gallbladder, palpable liver, palpable spleen present of ascites, present of epigasteric mass, cholecystecomy scare, and tender right hypochonderail area or not, epigasteric tenderness, or not also examine the patient for manifestation of liver failure, septicemia, dehydration and signs of advanced malignancy.
All cases were subjected to standard laboratory tests including full blood cont kidney function, liver function test, ( SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline phasphatase) serum bilirubin level, blood sugar, serum albumin, and prothrombine concentration, urine analysis, and stool analysis.
Abdominal ultra sound ,computed tomography ERCP were done for all cases, for trail to diagnose obstructive jaundice from non obstructive also these modalities were used to diagnose the cause of obstruction and actual site of obstruction PTC was done in only 31