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Abstract
- Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignancies and 90-95% of neoplasms arising from the kidney.(1)
- Approximately 35.710 new cases were diagnosed as RCC in the United States in 2004 with approximately 12.480 deaths.(2)
- Kidney cancer is steadily increasing at rate of 2.5% per year across population group.(3)
- RCC more common in people of Northern European ancestry (Scandinavians ) & North Americans than in those of Asian or African descent. (1)
- It is twice as common in men as in women & is common in the Fourth to sixth decades of life but the disease has been reported in younger people who belongs to family clusters.(1)
- Surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment for this disease.(1)
- Robenson & colleagues (1969) established Radical nephrectomy as the gold standard curative operation for localized RCC.(4)
- Nephron sparing surgery for treatment of renal tumor was first described by Czerny in 1890. Interest in nephron sparing surgery and other consrvativ treatment for RCC has been stimulated by advances in renal imaging, experience with renal vascular surgery, improved methods of preventing ischemic renal damage, growing numbers of incidentally discovered low-stage RCCs, and good long term survival in patients undergoing this form of treatment.