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Abstract
Inulin clearance is considered the gold standard method to determine GFR. Its measurement is however cumbersome as it requires constant infusion and its measurement is time consuming (Raju et al., 2005).
Serum creatinine ni iitration is affected by several factors that are independent of charge in GFR such as age, race, muscle mass, gender, medication use and catabolic state (Perroni et al., 1992). Various serum creatinine based equations have been developed in an attempt to improve the estimation of GFR In mi serum creatinine. These equations, however, have not been shown u ik accurate in renal transplant recipients, and their suitability in clinical u lals has been called into question (Raju et al 2005).
Cystatin C is a sinai molecular weight protein and produced al a constant rate by all nucleated cells. Due to low molecular weight in combination with its positive charge at physiological pi 1 cyslatin C is mainly freely filtered in the renal glomeruh and subsequently reabsorbed and cataboli/ed in the proximal tubular eel! ( Mussap et al., 2004)
Recently, several pivilieuon equations have been derived from both pediatric and adult patients to estimate GFR from the cystatin C concentration. Serum cystatin C and cystatu • based equation were extensively studied in relation to serum creatinine and serum creatinine based equations in adults, pediatric and elderly populations as well as transplant and non transplant patients. The results were conliicimsj and did not show uniform superiority of one of them.