الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world. Despite advances in its treatment, no significant prognosis has been observed. If prognosis is to be improved, then the disease has to be diagnosed at an early stage. Some squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck arise from premalignant lesions such as leukoplakia, papilloma and others. It is important to assess with accuracy and at early stage the likelihood of malignant development of these premalignant lesions. Therefore, there is an important need to identify potential biomarkers of tumorigenesis that can be utilized on premalignant lesions to determine the level of risk for tumor development. The biomarker p53 was successfully used as a biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma, but three were not enough reports to determine the risk of tumorigenesity of oral premalignant lesions and to compare p53 antibody with PCNA antibody. The purpose of the study was to find out whether detection of p53 expression in premalignant oral lesions will help identifying lesions that are at higher risk of progressing to malignancy and to find out PCNA