الفهرس 
Nocturnal EnuresisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nocturnal enuresis sometimes present with significant psychosocial problems for children and their parents. Recent studies indicate that nocturnal enuresis is best regarded as a group of conditions with different etiologies.
Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem, affecting from 5 to 7 million children in the United States. Unfortunately, only about one third of the families of children with this frequently troubling problem seek help from a physician. Recent studies have provided more information about nocturnal enuresis, and generally effective treatments are available.
At five years of age, 15 to 25 percent of children wet the bed. With each year of maturity, the percentage of bed-wetters declines by 15 percent.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the enuretic children by ultrasonography to detect abnormalities in renal morphology and to evaluate renal function by measuring serum urea and creatinine and evaluate the presence of calcium in urine.
This study included 30 enuretic children (patients) their ages ranged from 6 to 16 years old with mean of 9.8±2.9 years. Ten children free from any chronic illness served as the control group. The age and sex distribution of the control