الفهرس 
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Abstract
The first part of the study was designed to evaluate the rate of fluoride release from orthodontic fluoride releasing elastomeric ligature ties; it compared the fluoride release of fluoride releasing and non fluoride releasing elastomeric ligature ties both in vitro and in vivo.
A total of 660 fluoride-releasing gray elastomeric ligatures and 420 non fluoride-releasing gray elastomeric ligatures were used in this study. The 24-hours released fluoride in TISAB was calculated after various periods of evaluation for both in vitro and in vivo samples, these samples were maintained in an incubator at 370 C for the 24 hours of evaluation.
The fluoride content of the test solutions was determined by means of the potentiometer analytic method. A fluoride-ion selective electrode and a reference electrode coupled to an analyzer were used.
For the in vitro part of the study, a total of 540 fluoride-releasing elastorneric ligature ties and 300 nonfluoride-releasing elastomeri c ligature ties were divided in groups of 20 each. The fluoride release was evaluated after being stored in two different media (artificial saliva and distilled water) at various intervals ofi 24 hours, one week, two weeks, four weeks of storage.