الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 179 |  |  |
| | | from | 179 | | |
Abstract
Urodynamic investigations are measurements to quantify the ability of the bladder to store and expel urine (Hosker, 2003).
Urodynamic studies are multi-channel pressure-flow techniques which are accepted as the standard diagnostic tool in the evaluation of lower urinary tract dysfunctions and are used widely in gynecology urology, geriatrics, pediatrics and nursing practices (Kortmann, et al.,1999).
Urodynamics studies (UDS) have been recommended routinely to confirm the diagnosis in patients especially before surgical interventions (Sch?fer, 1995).
The first component of urodynamic test is cystometry (which is urodynamic test that measures the pressure and volume relationship of the bladder). Dates back to 1872 when Schatz accidentally discovered a crude technique for measuring bladder pressure. The currently popular water cystometer was designed by Lewis in 1939 (Bump, et al., 1989).
The uroflowmetry is the simplest and most commonly used of various urodynamic techniques described by Drake in 1948.
Then Von Garrelts, in 1956 described the first electronic urine flowerets (Barnick, et al., 1989).
The first attempt to measure urethral pressure was published in 1923 by Victor Bonney then replaced by a balloon catheter in 1936 then at 1969, the fluid profusion method was described by Brown and Wickman (Rosenzweig, et al., 1991).