الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pleural effusion may occur in patients suffering from physical trauma or systemic disorders such as infection, inflammation or cancer. Transudate is formed through normal capillary membrane and characterized by little Protein or other large molecules. It occurs when normal relationships between capillary hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure are upset Exudates, on the other hand is formed through abnormally permeable capillary walls and contains high concentration of protein. A large number of tests can be performed for differentiation between exudate and transudate; these tests include physical, chemical and microscopic properties of pleural fluid (Bartteret al., 1994 The criteria established by Light et al in 1972; pleural fluid protein concentration pleural fluid to serum protein