الفهرس 
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Abstract
Medical establishments: Medical establishments include hospitals, clinics, medical centers, private practices, home health care, blood banks, veterinary offices, clinical facilities, research laboratories, clinical laboratories, all unlicensed and licensed medical facilities, and other providers of health care. Medical Waste: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines medical waste as ”any solid waste that is generated in the diagnosis, treatment OF immunization of human beings or animals, in research pertaining to, or in the production or testing of biological” agents. Medical wastes include’ infectious waste, pathological waste, sharps, pharmaceutical waste, genotoxic waste, chemical waste, and radioactive waste. Individuals exposed to medical wastes include those within health-care establishments that generate medical wastes, and those outside these sources who either handle such wastes or are exposed to these wastes as a consequence of careless management.