الفهرس 
Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder
Tumor MarkersOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study evaluated a new tumor marker, TAT’, in urine of a group of bladder cancer patients comparing the results with those obtained in a group of urinary tract bilharzial patients and a group of apparently healthy individuals.
The purpose of this work was to established the cut-off value of this marker for the bladder cancer prevalent in Egypt.
The present study was performed in 89 individuals categorized as followed:
•Twenty-eight patients with bladder caner, 16 (57.1%) were bilharzial bladder carcinoma and 12 (42.9%) were non bilharzial bladder carcinoma. This group included 21 males and 7 females with their age ranging from 23-70 years (mean 49.7).
•Thirty-three patients with urinary tract bilharziasis, 26 males and 7 females with their age ranging from 12-60 years (mean 36).
•Twenty-eight apparently healthy individuals, 20 males and 8 females with their age ranging from 16-65 years (mean 40.5).
•24 hours urine samples were obtained from all subjects to evaluate TATI concentration in urine.
Summary and Conclusion, 105
•Assessment of urinary tract bilharziasis was done by microscopic examination of urine, for detection of schistosoma haematobium egg, and serological test (IHAT).
•Bacterial infection was excluded by direct microscopic examination and viable bacterial count.
•TATI concentration in urine was measured by radioimmunoassay and the results were correlated with the daily creatinine excretion in order to eliminate the effect of variation in urinary excretion.
•The range of urine TATI level in the normal control group was 78.54 mg’ g creatinine which was considered as the cut-off value of urine TATI.
•In patients with urinary tract bilharziasis only 6 cases (18.2%) had elevated TATI level while the remaining 27 cases (81.8%) showed TATI level below
the cut-off value.
•In patients with bladder carcinoma 19 out of 28 patients had elevated TATI level above the cut-off value. This elevation is statistically significant in relation to the normal control group and the urinary tract bilharziasis group.•No significant difference was found between urine TATI level in bilharzial and non bilharzial bladder cancer. There was also no significant difference between TATI level in squamous carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma.
•No correlation was found between urine TATI level and different stages or grades of bladder cancer.
Summary and Conclusion. 106
• Urine TATI in bladder cancer patients showed a sensitivity of 67.8% with specificity of 81.8%.
In conclusion, we can recommend urine TATI as a useful marker in differential diagnosis between bladder cancer and other benign diseases of the urinary bladder. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the role of urine TATI in monitoring the response of therapy in bladder cancer patients. ALso, determination of TATI level in tissue extracts, and histochemical studies are recommended.