الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bronchial asthma is an inflammatory airway smooth muscle characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, activated T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils, into the bronchial tree.
T-lymphocytes cells and mast cells secrete cytokines in asthma to direct eosinophil growth and maturation.
Interleukins are a group of cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays an important role in the regulation of differentiation of T and B lymphocytes.
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) stimulates production of IgE by B-cells.
IgE is one of the most important immunological parameter of bronchial asthma.
In our study we try to detect a level of IL-4 in bronchial asthma in children.
This study included 35 asthmatic children, 20 males patients (57.14%) and 15 females patients (42.86%) their age ranged from 3 years
Summary and secommendations 97
to 8 years, these cases were studied by detailed history passed through physical examination and laboratory investigation.
The prevalence of atopy among the cases was that 23 children (65.71%) gave positive history for atopy, while 12 children (34.29%) gave negative history.
In this study 22 asthmatic children (62.86%) had IgE level less than 200 i.u./ml, 10 asthmatic children (28.57%) had IgE level over 200 I.U./m1 and 3 asthmatic children (8.57%) had IgE level over 500 I.U/ml.
IL-4 level is high during T-cell activation. There is a significant difference between surm level of interleukin-4 (IL-4) pg/ml during attack of asthma and after remission, where the mean and standard deviation were (30.16 + 22.79) pg/ml during attack and the mean and standard deviation were (16.24 + 13.78) pg/ml, after remission.
RECOMMENDATIONS
•Asthma is an inflammatory multifactorial disease which need good diagnosis and management as well as prophylactic treatment by avoidance of precipitating factors and mast cell stabilizers.
•Serum level of interleukin-4 (IL-4) can be used as diagnostic and prognostic tool in extrinsic allergic asthma in children.
•Treatment by anticytokines is recommended.