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Abstract -111- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Aknowledge of the compoaition of urinary atonea ia fundmently important becauae urolithiaaia ia a recurrent diaeaae in many people and preventive meaaurea muat be baaed on auch informationa . Thua the aim of thia work to identify the compoaition of the different urinary calculi uaing the chemical method for atone analyaia and to find any releation between the typea of cryatalluria and compoaition of the atonea . The aeriea compriaed 60 patienta harbouring urinary calculi they have been divided into 7 groupa according to the typea of cryatalluria . The age incidence of urolithiaaia ia the middle age group. Male out number female in all groupa being 3.3: 1 in general the moat common preaenting.aymptom5 waa renal colic in 33.33 % of patienta. mixed aymptom5 in 25 % of patienta while no aymptoma at all in 13.33 % of patienta Analyaia of urine ahow that 83.33 % of the caaea had an acidic reaction and 16.66 % alkaline reaction .Pua cella were obaerved in 90 % of caaea. cryatala were preaent im 92 % Bacteriological atudy of urine ahowed the preaence of urinary infection in 56.66 %. the moat common cauaing organiam5 were -112- E. coli in 47 %. thiB BhowB that infection may playa great role in Btone formation. Radiological inveBtigationB have Bhow that radiopaque BtoneB repreBent 96.66 % and back preBBure waB preBent in 26.66 % of caBeB The anatomical diBtribution of urinary calculi in the upper urinary tract waB obBerved to be 41.33 % and 38.33 % for renal and ureteral BtoneB . AB regard to the Bide diBtrubution of renal calculi Bhow that the right Bide waB more affected than the left Bide (26.66% 15.00 %) • aB regard to the ureteric stone the left ureter waB more affected than the right one (20.00 % 18.33%) . _ The composition of the stones was determine using the chemical methods ”spot tests” which identified (10) different groups The following points need to be emphasized: Calcium oxalate crystals were the most common constituent encountered .(73.33 % of stoneB) . - The ~requency of association between oxalate and calcium phosphate were 21.66 % of stones. - The frequency of association between cal. oxalate and urin acid were 20 % of stones which may suggest that uric acid may form the nucleus of the stones in mixed types - Pure uric acid stones were preseht only in 3.33 % of stones . - As regard to blood urine chemistry -113- _ With oxallouria calcium excretion was releatively increase but not of them has true hypercalciuria (more than 500 mg / 24 h urine) Crystalluria was more common in stone formers and as the concentration of crystalluria are increase. the incidence of stone formation increase while 11.66 % of calcular patients has no crystalluria and it was found that the pattaren crystalluria did not confirm precisely to the stone pattaren composition. except in case of oxalluria the most stones formed was composed of calcium oxalate in pure or mixed form . and in case of phosphaturia phosphate crystals were present in 85.66 % of stones in pure or mixed form . _ While urate crystalluria was common crystals in the urine calcium oxalate crystals was present im 73.33 % of the formed stone . So the only method to know the types of crystals in the stone is analysis of the removed stones whatever by chemical v or infrared methods and treatme~t of the patient to avoid recurrance whatever by medical or surgical methods . |