الفهرس 
Patients and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
146.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
In the present work 40 cases of bilharzial and non-
bilharzial
urinary bladder lesions were examined representing 5 bilharzial cystitis and 35 carcinomas (18 squamous cell carcinoma, 10 transitional cell carcinoma, 4 adenocarcinoma and 3 undifferentiated
carcinoma).
A decrease in the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma together with an increase in the incidence of transitional cell carcinoma was noticed. This could be attributed to the existence of
etiologic factors other than bilharziasis.
The morphological distribution of fibronectin in the epithelial elements whether apparently normal, benign or malignant was pericellular if present but in squamous dysplasia a perinuclear
distribution was also seen.
Fibronectin staining was less apparent in squamous dysplasia than in squamous metaplasia or hyperplasia. This may be used as a marker for the detection of early malignancy and may indicate
decreased cell adhesions in dysplasia.
147.
In bilharzial cystitis, fibronectin appeared as strands sharply
surrounding the ova. This shows that fibronectin has a role in
localising the ova and helps in fibrous tissue formation.
In squamous cell carcinoma fibronectin staining decreased in
intensity and percentage of stained tumour cells as the grade
increased till finally grade III was completely negative. This can be
11 110109111 cell Carcinoma from grade
0
In In the stroma both surrounding the tumour cells of squamous cell carcinoma grade III and away from them, fibronectin appeared as elongated thin or thick strands but in grades I and II fibronectin was seen as short thick bundles in both areas. This is probably due to decreased adhesion in the stroma of grade III squamous cell carcinoma. This difference between the stroma of grade III on one hand and I and II on the other hand can be used to differentiate
between them.
The transitional cell carcinoma grade II cases were positive for fibronectin staining in the tumour cells but in grade III some cases were positive and the others negative. So a fibronectin negative transitional cell carcinoma could be considered as a grade III case.
Also a fibronectin positive grade III carcinoma can be
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