الفهرس 
EpidemiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
TNF-alpha is a multifunctional cytokine, secreted from macrophages and med[ates a variety of clinical and pathomorphological features in various infections disease, autoimmune disease and cancer. In case of tuberculosis, TNF may be either protective, harmful or both protective and harmful. Being protective throught granuloma formation, which limit further mycobacterial growth and helping phagocytosis. Fever, weight loss, tissue necrosis and cavity formation are considered as harmful effects of TNF- alpha on TB patients.