الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The role of hepatitis viruses (B, D and C) was
investigated among 40 infants and children with CLD presenting
to the Pediatric Hepatology Outpatient Clinic New Children’s
Hospital, Cairo university.
The patients were classified into 4 groups [bilharzial
group] (group I); [Cirrhotic group] (group II); [CAR] (group
III); [CPH] (group IV) .
They were 32 males and 8 females, with age range between
4-16 years. In addition, 32 age and sex matched healthy
children served as a control group (group V) .
All CLD cases were properly clinically examined,
investigated including urine and stools analyses, CBC, liver
function tests, abdominal sonography, upper G.I.I. endoscopy,
and aspiration liver biopsy in some cases.
Sera and saliva of these children were examined for HBV
markers (HB. Ag, anti HBc’ anti HB.)t HDV antibodies (anti HDV)
and HCV antibodies (anti HCV) .
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Hepatitis C antibodies were detected in 25% of cases;
hepatitis B virUs markers were present in 30% and 75% of HB. Ag
+ve cases had concomitant anti HDV antibodies.
HB. Ag in saliva was detected in 33.3% of cases of
bilharzial group, 50% in cirrhotic group, 25% in CAR group and
nil in CPH group. Anti-HCV could not be detected in any case in
saliva.
35.5% of our CLD cases had schistosomal infection. The
percentage of HB~ Ag in the bilharzial group was 30.75%, while
25% of such cases had HCV antibodies.
The highest incidence of blood transfusion (70%) was in
those with HCV antibodies, while 33.3% of our delta cases had
past history of blood transfusion and 18.75% of those with HB.
Ag +ve had past history of blood transfusion.
Concerning control cases (32) HB. Ag was positive in 9.37%
of them and none of our controls had evidence of HCV infection.
The failure to detect HCV infection can be explained by
the younger age group of our controls and the limited number of
studied cases.