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Abstract
Calotropis procera is a milkweed plant belonging to A¬sclepiadaceae family that contains cardiac glycosides (cardenolides) concentrated mainly in the latex.
Secondary metabolites extracted from plants play a very important role in the contribution towards the chemotherapy of cancer and led to amelioration of this group of diseases.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the toxicological, antitumor activity and biochemical effect of Calotropis procera dry latex, and its main cardenolides Uscharin in vivo against Ehrilch Ascites Carcinoma cell (EAC).
Uscharin extracted by methylene chloride and exhibited m.p
270-272oC with molecular formula C31H41NSO8.
The IR and NMR date exhibited the presence of butenolide ring, thiazoline ring, aldehydic carbonyl group and structure of aglycone part, which are characteristic to Uscharin.
The median lethal dose (LD50) for the DL and Uscharin on i.p route of administration was determined to be 35.08 and 5.72 mg / Kg b.w. respectively in adult Swiss albino mice.
Uscharin enhanced the prolongation life span rate (%) but the DL showed no effect on the prolongation life span rate. Uscharin and DL reduced significantly the total ECA cell count and number of viable cells, blood glucose level that subservienced reduces the activities of antioxidant enzymes.
It seems evident that the antitumor efficiency of Uscharin camouflaged its toxicity but the toxicity of DL exceeded its antitumor effects.